ipc semaphore optimization

Chen, Kenneth W (kenneth.w.chen@intel.com)
Fri, 27 Jun 2003 10:13:36 -0700


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This patch proposes a performance fix for the current IPC semaphore
implementation.

There are two shortcoming in the current implementation:
try_atomic_semop() was called two times to wake up a blocked process,
once from the update_queue() (executed from the process that wakes up
the sleeping process) and once in the retry part of the blocked process
(executed from the block process that gets woken up).

A second issue is that when several sleeping processes that are eligible
for wake up, they woke up in daisy chain formation and each one in turn
to wake up next process in line. However, every time when a process
wakes up, it start scans the wait queue from the beginning, not from
where it was last scanned. This causes large number of unnecessary
scanning of the wait queue under a situation of deep wait queue.
Blocked processes come and go, but chances are there are still quite a
few blocked processes sit at the beginning of that queue.

What we are proposing here is to merge the portion of the code in the
bottom part of sys_semtimedop() (code that gets executed when a sleeping
process gets woken up) into update_queue() function. The benefit is two
folds: (1) is to reduce redundant calls to try_atomic_semop() and (2) to
increase efficiency of finding eligible processes to wake up and higher
concurrency for multiple wake-ups.

We have measured that this patch improves throughput for a large
application significantly on a industry standard benchmark.

This patch is relative to 2.5.72. Any feedback is very much
appreciated.

Some kernel profile data attached:

Kernel profile before optimization:
-----------------------------------------------
0.05 0.14 40805/529060 sys_semop [133]
0.55 1.73 488255/529060 ia64_ret_from_syscall
[2]
[52] 2.5 0.59 1.88 529060 sys_semtimedop [52]
0.05 0.83 477766/817966 schedule_timeout [62]
0.34 0.46 529064/989340 update_queue [61]
0.14 0.00 1006740/6473086 try_atomic_semop [75]
0.06 0.00 529060/989336 ipcperms [149]
-----------------------------------------------

0.30 0.40 460276/989340 semctl_main [68]
0.34 0.46 529064/989340 sys_semtimedop [52]
[61] 1.5 0.64 0.87 989340 update_queue [61]
0.75 0.00 5466346/6473086 try_atomic_semop [75]
0.01 0.11 477676/576698 wake_up_process [146]
-----------------------------------------------
0.14 0.00 1006740/6473086 sys_semtimedop [52]
0.75 0.00 5466346/6473086 update_queue [61]
[75] 0.9 0.89 0.00 6473086 try_atomic_semop [75]
-----------------------------------------------

Kernel profile with optimization:

-----------------------------------------------
0.03 0.05 26139/503178 sys_semop [155]
0.46 0.92 477039/503178 ia64_ret_from_syscall
[2]
[61] 1.2 0.48 0.97 503178 sys_semtimedop [61]
0.04 0.79 470724/784394 schedule_timeout [62]
0.05 0.00 503178/3301773 try_atomic_semop [109]
0.05 0.00 503178/930934 ipcperms [149]
0.00 0.03 32454/460210 update_queue [99]
-----------------------------------------------
0.00 0.03 32454/460210 sys_semtimedop [61]
0.06 0.36 427756/460210 semctl_main [75]
[99] 0.4 0.06 0.39 460210 update_queue [99]
0.30 0.00 2798595/3301773 try_atomic_semop [109]
0.00 0.09 470630/614097 wake_up_process [146]
-----------------------------------------------
0.05 0.00 503178/3301773 sys_semtimedop [61]
0.30 0.00 2798595/3301773 update_queue [99]
[109] 0.3 0.35 0.00 3301773 try_atomic_semop [109]
-----------------------------------------------=20

Both number of function calls to try_atomic_semop() and update_queue()
are reduced by 50% as a result of the merge. Execution time of
sys_semtimedop is reduced because of the reduction in the low level
functions.

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