Linux-kernel mailing list archive 2000-47,: Re: [PATCH] Large "clipped" IDE disk support for 2.4 when using old BIOS

# Re: [PATCH] Large "clipped" IDE disk support for 2.4 when using old BIOS

Andries Brouwer (aeb@veritas.com)
Sun, 19 Nov 2000 18:24:31 +0100

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On Sun, Nov 19, 2000 at 04:30:34AM +0900, Taisuke Yamada wrote:

> Earlier this month, I had sent in a patch to 2.2.18pre17 (with
> IDE-patch from http://www.linux-ide.org/ applied) to add support
> for IDE disk larger than 32GB, even if the disk required "clipping"
> to reduce apparent disk size due to BIOS limitation.
>
> BIOS known to have this limitation is Award 4.51 (and before) and
> it seems many mainboards with not-so-great vendor support still use it.
>
> Now I'm moving to 2.4-based system, and so ported the patch to
> 2.4-test10. It also applies cleanly to 2.4-test11.
>
> With this patch, you will be able to use disk capacity above
> 32GB (or 2GB/8GB depending on how clipping take effect), and
> still be able to boot off from the disk because you can leave
> the "clipping" turned on.

Hi Taisuke,

I suppose you know that no kernel patch is required
(since setmax.c does the same from user space).
Did you try setmax?
I would like to see the results - am still in the information
gathering stage - I have two largish Maxtor disks myself, one
40 GB and one 60 GB, and their behaviour is different, so
to me it seems a bit too early to come with kernel patches.

I think I already sent you setmax.c, but in case my memory
is confused let me include it here again. This is for 2.4.

Andries

-----
/* setmax.c - aeb, 000326 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <linux/hdreg.h>

#ifndef HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_AEB
#define HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_AEB 0x031e
#endif

#define INITIALIZE_DRIVE_PARAMETERS 0x91
#define READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS 0xf8
#define CHECK_POWER_MODE 0xe5
#define SET_MAX 0xf9

#define LBA 0x40
#define VV 1 /* if set in sectorct then NOT volatile */

struct idecmdin {
unsigned char cmd;
unsigned char feature;
unsigned char nsect;
unsigned char sect, lcyl, hcyl;
unsigned char select;
};

struct idecmdout {
unsigned char status;
unsigned char error;
unsigned char nsect;
unsigned char sect, lcyl, hcyl;
unsigned char select;
};

unsigned int
tolba(unsigned char *args) {
return ((args[6] & 0xf) << 24) + (args[5] << 16) + (args[4] << 8) + args[3];
}

void
fromlba(unsigned char *args, unsigned int lba) {
args[3] = (lba & 0xff);
lba >>= 8;
args[4] = (lba & 0xff);
lba >>= 8;
args[5] = (lba & 0xff);
lba >>= 8;
args[6] = (args[6] & 0xf0) | (lba & 0xf);
}

int
get_identity(int fd) {
unsigned char args[4+512] = {WIN_IDENTIFY,0,0,1,};
struct hd_driveid *id = (struct hd_driveid *)&args[4];

if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) {
perror("HDIO_DRIVE_CMD");
fprintf(stderr,
"WIN_IDENTIFY failed - trying WIN_PIDENTIFY\n");
args[0] = WIN_PIDENTIFY;
if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) {
perror("HDIO_DRIVE_CMD");
fprintf(stderr,
"WIN_PIDENTIFY also failed - giving up\n");
exit(1);
}
}

printf("lba capacity: %d sectors (%lld bytes)\n",
id->lba_capacity,
(long long) id->lba_capacity * 512);
}

/*
* result: in LBA mode precisely what is expected
* in CHS mode the correct H and S, and C mod 65536.
*/
unsigned int
get_native_max(int fd, int slave) {
unsigned char args[7];
int i, max;

for (i=0; i<7; i++)
args[i] = 0;
args[0] = READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS;
args[6] = (slave ? 0x10 : 0) | LBA;
if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_AEB, &args)) {
perror("HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_AEB failed READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS");
for (i=0; i<7; i++)
printf("%d = 0x%x\n", args[i], args[i]);
exit(1);
}
return tolba(args);
}

/*
* SET_MAX_ADDRESS requires immediately preceding READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS
*
* Results: this fails for delta <= 254, succeeds for delta >= 255.
* So, in order to get the last 255*512=130560 bytes back one has to reboot.
* Side effect: reset to CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064.
*/
void
set_max_address(int fd, int slave, int delta) {
unsigned char args[7];
int i, nativemax;

nativemax = get_native_max(fd, slave);
printf("nativemax=%d (0x%x)\n", nativemax, nativemax);

for (i=0; i<7; i++)
args[i] = 0;
args[0] = SET_MAX;
args[1] = 0;
fromlba(args, nativemax-delta);
args[6] |= LBA;

if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_AEB, &args)) {
perror("HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_AEB failed SET_MAX");
for (i=0; i<7; i++)
printf("%d = 0x%x\n", args[i], args[i]);
exit(1);
}
}

static char short_opts[] = "d:";
static const struct option long_opts[] = {
{ "delta", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};

static char *usage_txt =
"Call: setmax [-d D] DEVICE\n"
"\n"
"The call \"setmax --delta D DEVICE\" will do a SET_MAX command\n"
"to set the maximum accessible sector number D sectors\n"
"below end-of-disk.\n"
"\n"
"The call \"setmax DEVICE\" will do a READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS\n"
"command, and report the maximum accessible sector number.\n"
"\n"
"This is IDE-only. Probably DEVICE is /dev/hdx for some x.\n\n";

main(int argc, char **argv){
int fd, c;
int delta;

/* If you modify device, also update slave, if necessary. */
/* master: hda, hdc, hde; slave: hdb, hdd, hdf */
char *device = NULL; /* e.g. "/dev/hda" */
int slave = 0;

delta = -1;
while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, short_opts, long_opts, NULL)) != -1) {
switch(c) {
case 'd':
delta = atoi(optarg);
break;
case '?':
default:
fprintf(stderr, "unknown option\n");
fprintf(stderr, usage_txt);
exit(1);
}
}

if (optind < argc)
device = argv[optind];
if (!device) {
fprintf(stderr, "no device specified - "
"use e.g. \"setmax /dev/hdb\"\n");
fprintf(stderr, usage_txt);
exit(1);
}
printf("Using device %s\n", device);

fd = open(device, O_RDONLY);
if (fd == -1) {
perror("open");
exit(1);
}

if (delta != -1) {
printf("setting delta=%d\n", delta);
set_max_address(fd, slave, delta);
} else {
int mad = get_native_max(fd, slave);
long long bytes = (long long) (mad+1) * 512;
int hMB = (bytes+50000000)/100000000;

printf("native max address: %d\n", mad);
printf("that is %lld bytes, %d.%d GB\n",
bytes, hMB/10, hMB%10);
}
get_identity(fd);

return 0;
}

/* READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS:
Inputs:
features, sectorct, sectornr, cyllow, cylhi: NA
device/head: 8 bits: obs LBA obs DEV na na na na
command: F8
Outputs:
error: 8 bits: na na na na na ABRT na na
sectorct: NA
sectornr, cyllo, cylhi: native max address
device/head: 8 bits: obs na obs DEV; 4bits native max address
status: BSY DRDY DF na DRQ na na ERR [010x0xx0]

SET_MAX_ADDRESS (obsolete?):
Error: ABRT=4: command not supported, max requested exceeds
device capacity, CYL > 16383, command not preceded by
READ_NATIVE_MAX_ADDRESS.
Also error if the device is in Set_Max_Locked or Set_Max_Frozen state.
*/
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- Next message: Peter Rottengatter: "PROBLEM: 3c509 driver broken in 2.4.0-test10, not in -test9"
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