²³Fuzziness is actually something whose effect on suffering we have not yet considered in detail, although it is an important concept—if not under this term—in relevant philosophical systems, such as Zen and the Greek (Pyrrhonian) Skeptics. Chapter 7 argued that while conceptual thinking uses crisp categories, many of the things in the world are fuzzy. While fuzziness is different from uncertainty, in our framework, nevertheless, it is related to the uncertainty of perception of reward loss. Valences of good and bad, and perceptions of rewards, are often based on categories of objects or events. (In fact, “good” and “bad” are categories themselves.) If you categorize a person’s behaviour as “rude”, you will perceive a negative reward, but maybe the behaviour was not actually that rude? If you categorize events which are only borderline rude as simply rude, that is a form of overgeneralization. You may be suffering unnecessarily due to your crisp-categorical thinking. The effect of fuzziness on suffering thus seems strongly analogous to the effect of uncertainty.