¹⁰However, the Buddhist impermanence has also aspects that cannot be considered to be forms of uncertainty. For example, if you know for sure that you will die tomorrow, there is no uncertainty, although this is the quintessential expression of impermanence in Buddhism—but it could be argued that there is still uncertainty about what happens after death. In fact, in a meta-level sense, the central point in early Buddhist philosophy of impermanence is that impermanence itself is absolutely certain, as well as “permanent”: Everything will perish one day for sure. Some exceptions may exist, however: “enlightenment” (nirvāna or nibbāna) is permanent according to most schools (Harvey, 2009, p. 52), consciousness is permanent for some Yogācāra thinkers (Williams, 2008b, p. 99), and a rather obscure metaphysical construct called dharmakāya is also permanent in some Mahayana schools (Williams, 2008b, p. 106).